Evaluación de saponinas de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa) para el control de Fusarium spp, causante del damping-off en arupo (Chionanthus pubescens Kunth), en Chambo, Chimborazo.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate a bioproduct based on quinoa saponins (Chenopodium quinoa) for the control of Fusarium spp. causing Damping-off in arupo (Chionanthus pubescens Kunth), for which the effect of three doses and three application frequencies of the bio product were analyzed; and a financial analysis of the process. The Soxhlet method was used to prepare an aqueous extract of bitter quinoa residues (22% of saponins in residues) with 425 milliliters per 200 grams, reaching a concentration of 0,610 milligrams per milliliter of saponins; this bio product was separated into three concentration doses of 50, 75 and 100%, which were applied at frequencies of one, two and three weeks apart each, together with an Absolute Control, all located in Chambo canton province of Chimborazo. Applying an analysis of variance (ANOVA) it was determined that the frequency with the highest significance was F1, where its application was every seven days, while the concentration with the highest significance was C2, of 75% of the bio product of saponins and 25% of distilled water; and the production cost of the process was 667,35 dollars. It is concluded that there are differences between the different doses of concentration and their frequencies seeing that the bio product is useful in the control against Fusarium spp. It is recommended to compare other dosage levels of the bio product in the same forest species and in others of commercial interest, the same in the combat against other pathogenic fungi.