Evaluación de solarización y Trichoderma harzianum paea el control de fitopatógenos a nivel de vivero forestal de la ESPOCH en plántulas de Eucalytus globulus.

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the solarization process at the forest nursery level of the Higher Polythetic School of Chimborazo (ESPOCH) in Eucalyptus globulus seedlings. The study carries out to analyze the presence of phytopathogens in the soil before and after disinfection by solarization and inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum in order to determine the temperatures at depths of 5, 10 and 15 cm and to know the effect on plant growth. An experimental design of Complete Random Blocks was performed including four treatments (without solarization, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of solarization) and three repetitions. The trial included the phases of preparing the land, plotting plots, placing the substrate and plastic, inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum, sowing of Eucalyptus globulus, irrigation, analysis of the substrate samples in the laboratory, propagation in rice for the inoculum and measurement of soil temperature and plant height. It was identified that the samples with solarization presented a lower number of colonies of phytopathogens compared to the samples without solarization and a control. The preponderant genus of phytopathogens was Aspergillus with more than 2 colonies per sample in solarization. Significant differences were evidenced between soil temperatures according to the treatment, the highest ones were registered at 8 weeks. Soil depth was not relevant, while the time of day had an effect on the temperature values reached, being highest at 1 pm. Regarding plant survival, it was 100% at 15 days, 96.7% at 30 days and it reached 80.8% at 45 days.