Extractos vegetales en la tintura ecológica de la fibra de alpaca.

Abstract

The objective of this bibliographic review was to study extracts of the plants used in the ecological tincture of alpaca fiber by making a compilation of bibliographic information available in Dspace Espoch, Scopus, Redalyc.org, E-book and Google Scholar regarding the treatments such as Amaranth, Beetroot and Walnut. When analyzing the tensile strength, the best results were recorded with amaranth 4.40 mm; the percentage of elongation was 51.79% and light fastness 4.47. Beet, on the other hand, resulted in tensile strength 4.31 mm and elongation 47.20%. Finally, Walnut accounted for the following data: tensile strength 3.49 mm and elongation 76.77%. Regarding the sensory weighting of the alpaca fiber, amaranth presented an intensity in light of 4.80 points and in terms of coverage power, amaranth obtained 4.63 points and beet registered 4.50 points. In this way it is highlighted that amaranth is one of the best dyes since it is the vegetable which extract evidenced the best results in the investigation. In the economic analysis, the highest profitability was determined when dyeing with amaranth, since the benefit /cost ratio was 1.40, that is to say that for every dollar invested it is expected to obtain a profit of 40%, so it is concluded that when performing the dyeing process with amaranth, a product of low commercial cost is obtained and allows to produce good quality fiber, in addition to presenting a defined and bright color with characteristics accepted in national and international markets. It also stands out as one of the best ecological dyes which helps reduce environmental pollution generated by chemical dyes.