Estudio de la generación de la radiación en un tubo de rayos X y la propagación en un paciente

Abstract

In this research work, a study was developed for the generation of radiation in an X-ray tube and the propagation in a patient. For this purpose, a simulation is carried out in an X-ray tube in front of a water phantom. The following parameters are established for the construction of the geometries such as the dimensions of the phantom, the source-objectdistance, to resemble the taking of a chest X-ray. A detector is defined to record the dose, and the input parameters such as the energy of the electrons that hit the anode to generate the X-ray photons, the energy range in which the simulation is carried out, among others, are configured by means of lines of code. For the recording and collection of data, histograms of absorbed dose were obtained by means of lines of code, which are observed by means of the ROOT program. Subsequently, a cerrobend film is included in the assembly to analyse its attenuation properties. A dose of 0.01 mGy without attenuator and 0.0083 mGy with attenuator was recorded by means of a detector configured in the phantom, these figures being below the European Communityreference level (0.4 mGy) for the conditions analysed. It is therefore recommended to extend the study of clinical situations where the image quality variable is included so that an accessory can be verified to reduce the absorbed dose received by a patient to such low levels, this being done by extending studies to understand the attenuation properties of materials that help to reduce the dose in patients.