Análisis plástico de un proceso de troquelado mediante aplicación CAD-CAE en chapa metálica, laminada en frío.

Abstract

The purpose of this project has as aim to analyze the plastic and breaking zone of a cold-rolled A36 steel 0.9mm thick, using Computer Assisted Engineering (CAE), to establish the clearance value between the punch and die in a process of die-cut to reduce the defects produced in the cut. For this, it was necessary to design a matrix at static and dynamic loads, based on AV&G Manufacturing projects, with their respective elements such as guide, guide holder, punch holder, punch, and the retraction system. The selection of materials was made using the Michael Ashby method. For each of its parts, the respective dimensional tolerances were determined using standards of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 286), in addition to not affecting functionality, geometric tolerances were established based on standards of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME Y14 .5-2009). When performing a dynamic analysis using the Finite Element Method (FEM), the clearance was defined between 3% and 5% of the thickness of the plate. The cuts made were compared with the simulation concerning the roundness and length of the burr, obtaining an error of 0.7% and 10% respectively. Using traditional methods, the length of the burr in a cut without a rammer is 67%, while with the method proposed in this investigation, 22% was obtained, which demonstrates a decrease in this defect, increasing the laminated area, allowing decrease manufacturing times of the matrix. This research will be useful to use as a guide to performing die-cutting analysis on other materials with different types of geometric configuration and thickness, and it will also allow extending the research to operations such as drawing, bending, and stamping.