Evaluación del proceso de desnitrificación en la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de una industria alimentaria ubicada en el cantón Ambato.

Abstract

The process of denitrification and nitrification of a Wastewater Treatment Plant was evaluated. to know the efficiency in the removal of nitrogen compounds and the operational variables involved in their development. In order to carry out the technical work, the parameters involved in these processes were identified, the operation was verified according to the parameters involved in these processes, the operation was verified according to the design parameters and the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of the process was performed. wastewater at different stages. The physical-chemical parameters were determined: Chemical demand for oxygen, nitrates, nitrites, ammoniacal nitrogen, total nitrogen and temperature; and among the operational data collection was established: flow rate, dissolved oxygen (OD), pH, hydraulic stop time (TDH), volatile suspended solids in the liquor mix, F / M ratio, sludge volumetric index. As a result, it was recognized that the plant is currently processing an additional 3.4% flow, which limits the TDH by decreasing 0.75 days the time in which the effluent is being retained for the biological purification process; Similarly, when verifying the variables involved in the process, it was distinguished that the OD was a limitation for the transformation of ammoniacal nitrogen, the results placed an average of 1.7mg / L that was below the reference that established a range> 2mgL . There was an opportunity to modify this variable having an average of 4.7 mg / L of OD having an improvement in reactor efficiency from 17.9% to 31.4%. The microbial evaluation was done qualitatively taking into account the appearance of certain species related to active sludge, with the increase in OD there was a slight change in the concentration of filamentous organisms, an increase in the density and the presence of this in the flocculation; As for the ciliates, the presence was minimal.