Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de lixiviados para la celda emergente de residuos sólidos del Municipio de Pastaza.

Abstract

This investigation aims to design a treatment system of leachates for waste-solid emerging cell of Pastaza Municipality due to the inadequate treatment of leachates generated in the Sanitary Landfill which are landfilled into the Chilcayacu River directly. At first, the solid waste of the Sanitary Landfill were characterized, so we realized that the organic matter has 51, 05%, followed by the plastic. During two months, we took samples of leachates and were characterized physically, chemically and microbiologically in Quality-Water Laboratory at ESPOCH. According to Ministry Agreement 097-A Environmental Quality Norm and discharge of effluents to water resource, it was determined that parameter DBO5, DBO, total solid, fecal coliforms aren’t in the limits permitted in this norm. In addition, we could observe that the color and the turbidity also need to be treated. According to the prior analyses, the samples of leachates were linked to treatability tests and the following percentages of removal were gotten: Turbidity 84.17%, Color 98.27%, DQO 96.64%, DBO5 96.59%, Fecal Coliforms 99.99% and Total Solids 90.85%. The leachate treatment system will work with a caudal of 1.20 l/s, in the following stages: storing tank, Imhoff tank, upward flow anaerobic filter and a waterfall aerator. It is concluded that the leachate treatment system has a high percentage of removal, so this system will be benefit for the inhabitants of the sector. It will also contribute to take care the hydric resources nearby. Therefore, it is necessary to implement this system right away in order to guarantee a right running by means a permanent maintenance. By following these recommendations, the environmental pollution will be reduced and we will be able to meet the current regulation.