Biorremedicación de suelos contaminados por petróleo en el Campo Libertador mediante la técnica de compostaje.

Abstract

The purpose of this research is the bioremediation of a polluted soil with heavy metals from the liberator field through the composting technique with the purpose of reducing the concentration of heavy metals in the soil, bio-stimulating it and providing sufficient nutrients for the removal of these contaminants. The research was developed in several stages; in the first stage the liberator field was visited and several samples were taken from the most contaminated areas using the quartering method. In the second stage, the initial soil analysis was carried out in the laboratory of the Center for Technical Services and Environmental Technology Transfer, the presence of heavy metals was confirmed and the essential C / N / P relation was determined for a good process of bioremediation. In the third stage experimental units were incubated for 105 days at a temperature of 25 ° C, which contained the different treatments such as soil, soils with compost, soils with rose residues for which it was used some opaque plastic with 250 g of soil and 12.5 g of organic amendments for each treatment. After this incubation, a microbial count of total aerobes was performed, responsible for decreasing the concentration of heavy metals in soils that were measured in the ICP equipment, determining the efficiency of the treatment with a percentage of immobilization of heavy metals of approximately 98% through the addition of compost and rose residue, at 49 days the concentration of metals stabilized and followed the trend of 0 ppm in the treatments. It is recommended to use these organic amendments for the treatment of soils contaminated by hydrocarbons.